{"id":42553,"date":"2015-09-15T15:10:51","date_gmt":"2015-09-15T15:10:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zonda-develop.go-vip.net\/concrete-construction\/article\/reducing-salt-use-during-winter_o"},"modified":"2015-09-15T15:10:51","modified_gmt":"2015-09-15T15:10:51","slug":"reducing-salt-use-during-winter_o","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zonda-develop.go-vip.net\/concrete-construction\/projects\/infrastructure\/reducing-salt-use-during-winter_o\/","title":{"rendered":"Reducing salt use during winter"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r <div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r \r <\/div><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With another winter just around the corner, imagine this scenario: All of your equipment is tested and ready to go, deicing products have been ordered and delivered, and your staff has completed its pre-season meetings and route dry runs.\r <\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Winter maintenance operations are just where they need to be.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Then it happens: You receive a communication from your local and state EPA.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They want to meet to discuss your department\u2019s past salt usage, review your current operations and practices, and possibly identify areas in your community to monitor chloride levels in the water and groundwater systems. Then they\u2019d like you to present a plan for using less salt. To put a cherry on top of the sundae, they may even tell you how much you must lower usage by.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That same exact scenario may not be playing out, but public works departments from the Midwest to the East Coast are being required to reduce chloride impacts from their winter maintenance operations.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, the municipality for which I work is in an Illinois county that sits on heavy sand\/gravel deposits left behind from glacier movements, making groundwater contamination a very real issue. Monitoring wells verified what was feared: Chloride levels in some areas briefly spiked to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/business\/the-nasty-side-effects-of-road-salt_t.aspx?dfpzone=general\" target=\"_blank\">unsafe consumption levels<\/a> after a winter storm. As a result, we may soon have a total maximum daily limit (TMDL) for chloride in the groundwater.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If EPA doesn\u2019t raise the issue, someone else might.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Farmers in Canada and Michigan recently sued their local transportation departments for salt damage to crops and loss of property value. The Canadian court awarded the farmer $100,000; in Michigan, the court sided with the DOT.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Next Page: Getting ahead of regulation<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\r<\/p><!--nextpage--><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">>There are three training programs designed to help public agencies develop environmentally friendly snow and ice control programs:\r \r Minnesota DOT\u2019s <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dot.state.mn.us\/maintenance\/training.html\" target=\"_blank\"><span >Salt Solutions Program<\/span><\/a>, which includes a Winter Chemical Certification (anti-icers and deicers including additives).<br><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\r American Public Works Association\u2019s (APWA) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.apwa.net\/learn\/certificates\/winter-maintenance-supervisor-certificate\" target=\"_blank\"><span >Winter Maintenance Supervisor (WMS) Certificate<\/span><\/a>, which is available in a workshop on the first day of the association\u2019s annual North American Snow Conference.<\/li><li>\r McHenry County, Ill., health, transportation, and water resources departments\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.co.mchenry.il.us\/home\/showdocument?id=23890\" target=\"_blank\"><span >Winter Snow and Ice Workshop<\/span><\/a>. At the end of the day-long program, the attendees may receive Level 1 Certification: Snow and Ice Best Management Practices and also up to six professional development hours (PDH).<\/li><\/ul>\r \r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The latter class, which I help teach, came about from former county DOT Maintenance Superintendent <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/infrastructure-projects\/working-with-the-best_2.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Mark DeVries<\/a>, who\u2019s active in the local and national APWA.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It occurred to us that equipment operators must be certified to spray pesticides and flaggers require training, to name a few of the public works jobs for which specialized education is required. Why not for applying a chemical that can damage the environment?<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The workshop theme says it best: We need to manage ourselves before someone manages us.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Next Page: In-depth education for only $25<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p><!--nextpage--><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\r <\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In-depth education for only $25<\/h3>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The county\u2019s groundwater resource manager explains that one tablespoon of salt contaminates five gallons of water forever. By applying that calculation to the average five-yard plow truck, attendees quickly understand how winter maintenance affects water supplies.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The course also offers several best management practices:<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/snow-and-ice-control\/stop-throwing-deicer-in-the-ditch.aspx\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><\/strong><\/a><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/snow-and-ice-control\/stop-throwing-deicer-in-the-ditch.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Spreader calibration<\/a><\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> Do operators know what they\u2019re putting down? Is setting 2 on the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/deicing-and-antiicing\/selecting-a-spreader.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">salter<\/a> or <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/fleets-trucks-and-accessories\/winter-liquids-sprayer-from-snowex_o.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">sprayer<\/a> appropriate for the situation or just what your agency\u2019s always used?<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Calibrating equipment doesn\u2019t cost anything; overapplication wastes time and money and increases environmental damage.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Vehicle and equipment cleaning<\/strong> also is covered.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Weather basics<\/strong>. Air temperature has nothing to do with effective snow and ice control; success depends on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/mobile-technology\/real-time-road-alerts-lower-crash-rates-80.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">pavement temperature<\/a>.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It can take up to four times the amount of material to break a pavement\/ice bond than to prevent it. Dry salt shouldn\u2019t be applied when pavement temperature falls below 15\u00b0 F. Usually, 300 pounds per mile is enough.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Never use salt to \u201cburn off\u201d snow from pavement. Plowing removes the accumulation; the salt put down during and after is just to prevent the bond from re-forming.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We supplement this information with application rate recommendations, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/control-systems\/fighting-winter-storms.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">route cycle times<\/a>, and charts.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Snow and ice control policies<\/strong>. What\u2019s your agency trying to achieve? Is it realistic?<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Let\u2019s say you work in a region where pavement temperatures are routinely around zero and your agency doesn\u2019t use liquids. Does a bare pavement policy make sense?<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dry and wet material storage.<\/strong> In addition to good housekeeping practices, the course addresses the true monetary and environmental costs of abrasives.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After lectures, the class splits between a hands-on calibration demonstration and an exercise that presents different scenarios for application rates.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Finally, those who score 80% or better on an exam receive their operator certification sticker.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Next Page: How we\u2019re preparing for water monitoring<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\r<\/p><!--nextpage--><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How we\u2019re preparing for water monitoring<\/h3>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I was concerned when I learned about potential chloride monitoring in our area. However, over the last 10 years we\u2019ve reduced salt usage without compromising service levels. I can show we\u2019ve made a very strong effort to do our part.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Budgets didn\u2019t allow us to do everything all at once. Therefore, ideas and programs were prioritized and put in place as we were able.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/deicing-and-antiicing\/5-steps-to-a-winter-liquids-program.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">We added liquids<\/a> to our winter maintenance operations, beginning with a very simple brine production system that\u2019s grown to in-house production and blending. We <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/bridges\/deicing-strategies.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">pre-wet and anti-ice<\/a>. All front-line equipment has pavement temperature sensors; most trucks have computer-controlled dispensing systems.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">All of our progress and reductions have been documented and all staff has been certified.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Our efforts have earned us two <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/award-winners\/public-works-agencies-selected-to-receive-snow-and-ice-control-awards_o.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">APWA Excellence in Snow and Ice Control awards<\/a>, a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.saltinstitute.org\/road\/snowfighting\/\" target=\"_blank\">Salt Institute Safe and Sustainable Snowfighting Award<\/a>, and McHenry County Council of Governments Environmental MP3 Award.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">All agencies must start taking a similarly proactive approach to winter maintenance. The balancing act used to be budget versus service level. That\u2019s still the case, but environmental impacts are starting to become a heavy weight on the balance beam.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Begin by improving your current practices.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Already using liquids? <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pwmag.com\/deicing-and-antiicing\/boost-your-winter-operations-budget.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">If possible, expand<\/a>. Treated material and liquid (straight and blends) options have grown so quickly in recent years that you have many to choose from.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Want to get started but not sure how? Contact someone who has done it. Remember: Manage your operation before someone else decides to.<\/p>\r <p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Matt Wittum has been public works director for the Village of Spring Grove, Ill., a community of 6,000 that borders Wisconsin, for 10 years. E-mail mwittum@springgrovevillage.com.<\/em><\/p>\r<\/div> \r","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With another winter just around the corner, imagine this scenario: All of your equipment is tested and ready to go, deicing products have been ordered and delivered, and your staff has completed its pre-season meetings and route dry runs. Winter maintenance operations are just where they need to be. Then it happens: You receive a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":42555,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"scheduledNewsletterDates":[],"_scheduled_newsletter_id":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"zonda_content_type_url_append":"_o","zonda_dfp_zone":"","zonda_exclude_recommended_contents":false,"zonda_exclude_most_popular":false,"zonda_exclude_tagged_results":false,"zonda_eyebrow":"","zonda_last_newsletter_date":"2099-12-31T23:59:59.999-05:00","zonda_original_url":"","zonda_pdf_version":0,"zonda_print_headline":"Easy on the salt","zonda_promo_abstract":"EPA is requiring public works departments to reduce chloride impacts during winter operations. Operator certification courses help make that happen.","zonda_promo_headline":"","zonda_promo_image":0,"zonda_subheadline":"EPA requires reducing chloride impacts during winter maintenance operations. Operator certification courses help make that happen."},"tags":[],"news_item_type":[780],"section_10":[83124],"subject":[330,1556,2574],"organization":[],"award":[],"person":[72308],"product_type_10":[],"content-group":[],"event":[],"location":[],"state":[338],"brand":[21460],"jlc-category":[],"year_tax":[],"sponsor":[],"coauthors":[85682],"class_list":["post-42553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","news_item_type-feature","section_10-infrastructure","subject-codes-and-standards","subject-de-icing-and-anti-icing","subject-snow-and-ice-control","person-mark-devries","state-illinois","brand-public-works"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Reducing salt use during winter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"EPA requires reducing chloride impacts during winter maintenance operations. 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Operator certification courses help make that happen.","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/zonda-develop.go-vip.net\/concrete-construction\/projects\/infrastructure\/reducing-salt-use-during-winter_o"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/zonda-develop.go-vip.net\/concrete-construction\/projects\/infrastructure\/reducing-salt-use-during-winter_o#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/zonda-develop.go-vip.net\/concrete-construction\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2015\/472017900-wittum-sign-web-tcm111-2205895.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/zonda-develop.go-vip.net\/concrete-construction\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2015\/472017900-wittum-sign-web-tcm111-2205895.jpg","width":600,"height":1067,"caption":"Expect to see more warning signs as the EPA asks locatilites to curb winter road salt usage. We may soon have a total maximum daily limit (TMDL) for chloride in the groundwater. If EPA doesn\u2019t raise the issue, someone else might. Farmers in Canada and Michigan recently sued their local transportation departments for salt damage to crops and loss of property value. 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